Nanex Research

Nanex ~ 10-May-2013 ~ The Amgen Wobble

Take a good look at the charts below. The first 2 show trading in the stock of Amgen (AMGN) over the same 3 minutes of time. Chart 1 shows trades, while chart 2 shows best bids/asks. The light gray shading is the NBBO spread (National Best Bid/Offer) - the top of the shading is the best ask (lowest selling price from any exchange), and the bottom of the shading is the best bid (highest buying price from any exchange). Note how the NBBO oscillates over a range of 25 cent or more. Somehow we doubt investors are buying at the lower prices or selling at the higher prices. Probably the other way around.

Chart 3 and 4 shows how difficult it is to measure spreads - a key metric HFT (high frequency trading) claims to improve. The way most academics measure it, they would tell you the spread is a few pennies - because they tend to aggregate data over longer periods of time and not look at it closely.

This is why there is such a discrepancy between what we publish from real world observations and what academics (most of whom are paid by the HFT lobby) see from their ivory towers.

These charts were used in a Business Insider article.

1. AMGN - Trades color coded by reporting exchange.


2. AMGN - Showing Best bids and offers color coded by exchange over the same time period as chart 1 above.
Not only does price change rapidly, but also the exchange where the best prices are.


3. AMGN - Showing Best bids and offers color coded by exchange over 1 second of time.
Behold how often the quote changes in 1 second. No trades executed during this time. This nonsense goes on all the time.


4. AMGN - Showing Best bids and offers color coded by exchange over 27 seconds of time. This is a zoomed out view of chart 3 above.
Note how often, and by how much the best bid/offer changes. No wonder smart order routers get confused.


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